One of the first questions freight forwarders usually ask is:
“What’s the volume of your shipment?”
For many importers unfamiliar with logistics calculations, this question can be confusing – but don’t worry.
In this article, we’ll break down how to calculate cargo volume easily, whether you’re shipping containers, cartons, or any other type of freight. We’ll also look at how volume calculation differs between air, sea, and land transport.
What Is Cargo Volume?
Cargo volume refers to the amount of space your shipment occupies. It’s typically measured in cubic meters (CBM) or cubic feet (CFT).
This measurement is especially important when it comes to freight pricing, as shipping companies usually charge based on either volume or weight – whichever is higher. This concept is known as volumetric weight or gross weight.
How to Calculate Cargo Volume
Step 1: Basic Measurement
Start by measuring the length, width, and height of your package – whether it’s a carton, a wooden pallet, or a full container – using meters or centimeters.
Example: Calculating the Volume of a Carton
Let’s say you have a carton with the following dimensions:
- Length: 1 meter
- Width: 0.5 meters
- Height: 0.5 meters
Volume calculation:
1 × 0.5 × 0.5 = 0.25 CBM
Calculating the Volume of a Full Container
Containers come in standard sizes, and their total capacity is already known:
- 20-foot container: 33 CBM total volume
- 40-foot container: 67 CBM total volume
- 40-foot High Cube container: 76 CBM total volume
Note:
If your shipment doesn’t fill an entire container, you’ll likely be charged based on the exact cargo volume or under an LCL (Less than Container Load) arrangement.
Differences Between Shipping Methods
Ocean Freight:
In ocean shipping, cargo volume is measured primarily in cubic meters (CBM).
Each cubic meter is calculated based on the shipment’s actual dimensions.
Air Freight:
In air shipping, the volume is converted into volumetric weight using a specific formula:
- Length × Width × Height (in centimeters) ÷ 6000 = Volumetric Weight (in kilograms)
Example:
For a carton measuring 100 × 50 × 50 cm:
100 × 50 × 50 ÷ 6000 = 41.67 kg volumetric weight
Why Accurate Cargo Volume Calculation Matters
A precise calculation of your cargo volume helps you:
- Save on costs: Incorrect measurements can result in overcharges.
- Choose the right shipping method: Knowing the exact volume helps determine whether sea or air freight is more efficient.
- Avoid delays: Accurate volume data ensures smoother processing and handling of your shipment.
Pro Tip
If you’re shipping irregularly shaped items, try packing them in rectangular or square boxes.
This not only simplifies the calculation but also optimizes space and reduces shipping costs.
Wishing you smooth and efficient shipping! 🚢✈️
